St. John's Co-Cathedral (Kon-Katidral ta' San Ġwann)

Overview

St. John's Co-Cathedral is an architectural marvel and a significant historical landmark located in the heart of Valletta, Malta's capital city. Built between 1572 and 1577, this magnificent edifice was commissioned by the Order of St. John, a Roman Catholic military order, and designed by the Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar. Originally constructed as the conventual church of the Knights of St. John, it was later elevated to the status of a co-cathedral in the 19th century, sharing the Episcopal seat with the Mdina Cathedral.
Upon entering St. John's Co-Cathedral, visitors are struck by the stark contrast between its modest exterior and the opulence within. The interior is renowned for its high Baroque style, featuring elaborate frescoes, intricate sculptures, and lavish gilding that create a feast for the eyes. The cathedral’s ceiling, adorned with vivid frescoes by the Italian artist Mattia Preti, chronicles the life of St. John the Baptist, to whom the church is dedicated. The breathtaking floor is composed of around 400 marble tombstones that commemorate prominent knights of the Order.
One of the cathedral's most significant attractions is the Oratory, which houses Caravaggio's masterpiece, "The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist." This painting is especially notable for its dramatic chiaroscuro technique and is the only work signed by the artist. Caravaggio, who was a knight for a brief period, left an indelible mark on the cathedral with this iconic piece, drawing art lovers from around the globe.
In addition to its artistic treasures, St. John's Co-Cathedral holds immense historical significance. It played a crucial role in the social and religious life of the knights, serving as a place of worship and a symbol of their power and piety. The numerous chapels along the aisles are each dedicated to different langues (or nationalities) of the Order, showcasing the diverse yet unified nature of this chivalric community.
The cathedral's museum, located within its complex, provides an in-depth look at various artifacts, including tapestries, manuscripts, and liturgical objects that illuminate the rich history of the knights. Among the museum's prized possessions is a collection of Flemish tapestries, a gift from Grand Master Fra Ramon Perellos y Roccaful, considered some of the finest examples of their kind in Europe.
Tours of St. John’s Co-Cathedral are available in multiple languages, allowing visitors from around the world to fully appreciate the site’s historical and artistic importance. Informative guides and audio tours provide comprehensive insights into the cathedral’s past, its artistic achievements, and its role in Malta's cultural heritage.
St. John’s Co-Cathedral is more than just a religious site; it is a testament to the enduring legacy of the Knights of St. John and their influence on Maltese history. The cathedral stands as a monument to their architectural, artistic, and cultural contributions, making it a must-visit for anyone keen on exploring the rich tapestry of Malta’s past.
In summary, a visit to St. John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta offers an unparalleled glimpse into the grandeur of the Baroque era and the storied history of the Knights of St. John. Its dazzling interior, priceless artworks, and historical significance make it a highlight of any Maltese itinerary. Whether you are an art aficionado, a history buff, or a curious traveler, the cathedral promises an enriching and unforgettable experience.